Turn of the Century Back Showing Loops Used to Sew to Mohair Collar of the 1895 Uniform Coat Volunteer Cavalry Regiment (Rough Riders) 8th Cavalry Officer's Collar Insignia Specification Drawing Theodore Roosevelt wearing Insignia of the 1st U.S. Cavalry Enlisted Man's Dress Helmet Plate The trend was toward a smaller insignia over time. In the case of enlisted men it continued until collar disks were adopted in 1910. This basic formula for officer's uniforms continued up to the discontinuation of the standing collar in 1926. The crossed sabers worn on Theodore Roosevelt's collar during the Spanish American War is an example. or in the case of the National Guard the initials of the state. At the same time the former hat insignia was transferred to the collar in a somewhat smaller form and preceded by either a U.S. Officer's hat insignia continued to be embroidered crossed sabers until 1895 when the forage cap was discontinued and the arms of the United States was worn by officers of all branches. Prior to that time insignia were attached by loops of wire or wire prongs soldered to the back of the insignia. In 1896 a new style of enlisted hat insignia was introduced of a slightly smaller size again and with a screw post and retaining nut in the back. From 1881 to 1903 a cavalry dress helmet was worn and bore an eagle with crossed sabers and a shield. In 1872 the size of the enlisted cavalry insignia was decreased and the insignia was worn on the front of the forage cap as seen in the 5th cavalry soldier. Indian War Period Forage Cap Insignia 1896-1905 This style was common pre-Civil War Civil War Period Cavalry Officer California Battalion Enlisted Man (Courtesy: Bruce Phifer) A officer wearing the Rifles Insignia An Officer's Bullion Embroidered Hat Insignia for the 6th Cavalry Regiment 1861-1872 Civil War Enlisted Hat Insignia 1858-1872 Excavated False Embroidered Hat Insignia (Courtesy: Bruce Phifer) First Cavalry Officer's Hat Insignia 1858-1861 During the Civil War cavalrymen wore crossed sabers on the front of the dress (Hardee or Jeff Davis) hat and either on the top or sometimes the front of the forage cap or kepi. In August 1861 it was decided to rename dragoons and mounted rifles as cavalry and all of them wore crossed sabers edge up. Cavalry wore it in a way that we might call upside down with the edge downward. Dragoons wore the insignia in the way more familiar way oriented edge up. During the period 1858-1861 both Cavalry and Dragoons wore the crossed saber insignia. Army created mounted units that were actually called cavalry. In 1851 the army eliminated the old dragoon cap and approved a pair of crossed sabers as the new insignia of dragoons to be worn on new style caps (shakos). In 1850 this unit was given a perpendicular trumpet as its insignia, gold bullion embroidery for officers and brass metal for enlisted men. In 1846 a Regiment of Mounted Riflemen was established. They also wore a six-pointed star insignia of a smaller size on their forage caps that were adopted in 1839 and is familiar as the signature headgear of the Mexican War period. The original insignia for the unit was a silver Napoleonic style eagle on a gilt sunburst that was 5 1/4 inches high. On MaCongress authorized the Regiment of U.S. Cavalry Insignia Dragoon Cap Plate 1833-1851 Dragoon Officer 1836
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